Abstract
Although the relationship between strength and physical performance in older adults is probably non-linear, few empirical
studies have demonstrated that this is so.
In a population-based sample of adults
aged 60–96 years (n = 409), leg strength was measured in four muscle
groups (knee extensor,
knee flexor, ankle plantar flexor, ankle
dorsiflexor) of both legs using an isokinetic dynamometer. A leg
strength score was
calculated as the sum of the four strength
measurements in the right leg. Usual gait speed was measured over a 15.2
metre
course.
With a linear model, leg strength
explained 17% of the variance in gait speed. Non–linear models
(quadratic and inverse) explained
significantly more variance (22%).
The nature of
the non-linear relationship was that, in stronger subjects, there was no
association between strength and gait speed, while
in weaker subjects, there was an association. Body weight and age also
explained significant amounts of variance in gait
speed, while sex and height did not.
The results supported the hypothesis of a
non-linear relationship between leg strength and gait speed that is
similar for
older men and women.
This finding represents a
mechanism for how small changes in physiological capacity may have
substantial
effects on performance in frail adults, while large
changes in capacity have little or no effect in healthy adults.
Full Text / pdf von: Evidence for a Non-linear Relationship between Leg Strength and Gait Speed - online im internet - Zugriff vom 02.10.2012:
http://ageing.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/5/386.full.pdf
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