Ein gesundes und glückliches Neues Jahr 2013!!

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JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

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Krafttraining mit Älteren

Ein Trainingseinsteiger mit >60 Jahren beginnt sein Training nicht mit einer schweren am Boden liegenden Olympiahantel oder einem Maximalkrafttraining.

Zur Trainingsintensität und zur Trainingsplanung lässt sich folgende Herangehensweise festhalten (BUCHBAUER / STEININGER, 2004, S.7):

 Trainingsintensitäten-, und -inhalte im präventiven Krafttraining (eigene Darstellung)

Trainingsintensitäten, übergeordnete Trainingsinhalte und Ziele im präventiven Krafttraining

a) Aktivierung, Propriozeption / Sensomotorik, intermuskuläre Koordination

b) Lokales Muskelausdauertraining

c) Vergrößerung des Muskelquerschnitts (Muskelaufbau)

d) Steigerung neuromuskulärer Kraftqualitäten

e) Entwicklung vielfältiger und situationsunabhängiger Kraftqualitäten

Struktur und Inhalte des Trainings sind immer abhängig vom Ausgangsniveau und werden entsprechend ausgewählt und aufgebaut.

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING - www.aktiv-training.de
Ihr Personal Trainer für Sturz-Prävention und Social Health  in:  Baden-Baden, Bühl, Achern, Offenburg, Gengenbach, Freiburg, Rastattm Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Calw, Freudenstadt.

Social Health / individuelle Betreuung:

http://www.aktiv-training.de/social-health_aktiv-training.html

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

Mauerbergstraße 110

76534 Baden-Baden

Tel.: 07223 / 8004699

Mobil: 0177 / 4977232

Mail: info@aktiv-training.de

Fax: 07223 / 8005271 

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Fall Prevention in Residential Care

A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial

1. Ngaire Kerse MBChB, PhD,
2. Meg Butler MPH,
3. Elizabeth Robinson MSc,
4. Maree Todd FRACP, MBChB

Article first published online: 30 MAR 2004

DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x

ABSTRACT:

Keywords:

• fall prevention;
• residential care;
• cluster randomized controlled trial

Objectives: To establish the effectiveness of a fall-prevention program in reducing falls and injurious falls in older residential care residents.

Design: Cluster, randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Fourteen randomly selected residential care homes in Auckland, New Zealand.

Participants: All older residents (n=628, 95% participation rate).

Intervention: Residential care staff, using existing resources, implemented systematic individualized fall-risk management for all residents using a fall-risk assessment tool, high-risk logo, and strategies to address identified risks.

Measurements: Number of residents sustaining a fall, falls, and injurious-falls incidence rates.

Results: During 12 months of follow-up, 103 (43%) residents in the control group and 173 (56%) residents in the intervention group fell (P<.018). There was a significantly higher incidence rate of falls in intervention homes than in control homes (incident rate ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.06–1.72) during the intervention period after adjusting for dependency level (type of home), baseline fall rate, and clustering. There was no difference in the injurious fall incidence rate or incidence of serious injuries.

Conclusion: This fall-prevention intervention did not reduce falls or injury from falls. Low-intensity intervention may be worse than usual care.

Quelle:  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x/abstract

Full Text / pdf:

Kerse, N., Butler, M., Robinson, E. and Todd, M. (2004), Fall Prevention in Residential Care: A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52: 524–531. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x

 http://ot.creighton.edu/community/EBLP/Question3/Kerse%202004%20Fall%20Prevention%20in%20Residential%20Care.pdf

Online im internet - Zugriff vom 04.10.2012


JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING - www.aktiv-training.de
Ihr Personal Trainer für Sturz-Prävention und Social Health  in:  Baden-Baden, Bühl, Achern, Offenburg, Gengenbach, Freiburg, Rastattm Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Calw, Freudenstadt.

Social Health / individuelle Betreuung:

http://www.aktiv-training.de/social-health_aktiv-training.html

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

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Mail: info@aktiv-training.de

Fax: 07223 / 8005271 

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Therapeutic benefits of Tai Chi exercise

Research review

Kuramoto AM.

Source

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing, WI, USA. alicek@uwm.edu

Abstract

The majority of studies on Tai Chi conducted between 1996 and 2004 had focused on health and well being of Tai Chi exercise for senior adults. The results show that Tai Chi may lead to improved balance, reduced fear of falling, increased strength, increased functional mobility, greater flexibility, and increased psychological well-being, sleep enhancement for sleep disturbed elderly individuals, and increased cardio functioning. Wang, Collet, and Lau did a systematic review on Tai Chi research and found some limitations or biases existing in some of the studies, and it was difficult to draw firm conclusions about the benefits reported.

Therefore, more well-designed studies are needed in the future. There need to be studies on the effects on younger and middle-aged people. More longitudinal studies are needed, since time is an important factor of physical and psychological interventions. Studies on the effects of Tai Chi on the immune system and bone loss reduction are still very exploratory and will be especially useful for arthritis patients and others with immune disorders.

Future studies should investigate outcomes associated with Tai Chi training as a function of different instructional techniques, different Tai Chi styles, different diagnostic groups, and different age groups. It is not yet clear which of the components in Tai Chi makes the exercise form especially effective for seniors.

Tai Chi exercise is a relatively "low tech" approach to preventing disability and maintaining physical performance in older adults. The positive effects of Tai Chi may be due solely to its relaxing, meditative aspects.

The current data suggest that Tai Chi can influence older individuals' functioning and well being and provide some appreciation for why this exercise form has been practiced by older Chinese for more than 3 centuries.

Quelle:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17163086





Full Text / pdf / Link - online im internet - Zugriff vom 04.10.12:

http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/issues/wmj_v105n7/kuramoto.pdf



Ihr Personal Trainer für Sturz-Prävention und Social Health  in:  Baden-Baden, Bühl, Achern, Offenburg, Gengenbach, Freiburg, Rastattm Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Calw, Freudenstadt.


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JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

Mauerbergstraße 110

76534 Baden-Baden

Tel.: 07223 / 8004699

Mobil: 0177 / 4977232

Mail: info@aktiv-training.de

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Prävention: www.preventex.de

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The efficacy of a specific balance-strategy training programme

The efficacy of a specific balance-strategy training programme for preventing falls among older people: A pilot randomised controlled trial

Nitz, Jennifer C. and Low Choy, Nancy (2004) The efficacy of a specific balance-strategy training programme for preventing falls among older people: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing, 33 1: 52-58.

ABSTRACT:

 Background: older people participate in exercise programmes to reduce the risk of falls but no study has investigated a specific balance strategy training intervention presented in a workstation format for small groups.

Objective: to determine whether a specific balance strategy training programmeme delivered in a workstation format was superior to a community based exercise class programme for reducing falls.


Design: a randomised controlled trial model.


Setting: Neurological Disorders, Ageing and Balance Clinic, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland.


Subjects: 73 males and females over 60 years, living independently in the community and who had fallen in the previous year were recruited.


Methods: all subjects received a falls risk education booklet and completed an incident calendar for the duration of the study. Treatment sessions were once a week for 10 weeks. Subject assessment before and after intervention and at 3 months follow-up included number of falls, co-morbidities, medications, community services and activity level, functional motor ability, clinical and laboratory balance measures and fear of falling.


Results: all participants significantly reduced the number of falls (P < 0.000). The specific balance strategy intervention group showed significantly more improvement in functional measures than the control group (P = 0.034). Separate group analyses indicated significantly improved performance in functional motor ability and most clinical balance measures for the balance group (P < 0.04). The control group only improved in TUG and TUGcog.


Conclusions: the results provide evidence that all participants achieved a significant reduction in falls. Specific balance strategy training using workstations is superior to traditional exercise classes for improving function and balance.
 

Quelle:  http://espace.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:68941



Full Text / Link / pdf - online im internet - Zugriff vom 04.10.2012:

The efficacy of a specific balance-strategy training programme for preventing falls among older people: A pilot randomised controlled trial

Nitz, Jennifer C. and Low Choy, Nancy (2004) The efficacy of a specific balance-strategy training programme for preventing falls among older people: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing, 33 1: 52-58.


http://www.udel.edu/PT/PT%20Clinical%20Services/journalclub/noajc/03_04/jul04/NitzBalanceTraining.pdf


Ihr Personal Trainer für Sturz-Prävention und Social Health  in:  Baden-Baden, Bühl, Achern, Offenburg, Gengenbach, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Calw, Freudenstadt.


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JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

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76534 Baden-Baden

Tel.: 07223 / 8004699

Mobil: 0177 / 4977232

Mail: info@aktiv-training.de

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Evidence for a Non-linear Relationship between Leg Strength and Gait Speed

1. DAVID M. BUCHNER,
2. ERIC B. LARSON,
3. EDWARD H. WAGNER,
4. THOMAS D. KOEPSELL and
5. BARBARA J. DE LATEUR

Abstract

Although the relationship between strength and physical performance in older adults is probably non-linear, few empirical studies have demonstrated that this is so. 

In a population-based sample of adults aged 60–96 years (n = 409), leg strength was measured in four muscle groups (knee extensor, knee flexor, ankle plantar flexor, ankle dorsiflexor) of both legs using an isokinetic dynamometer. A leg strength score was calculated as the sum of the four strength measurements in the right leg. Usual gait speed was measured over a 15.2 metre course. 

With a linear model, leg strength explained 17% of the variance in gait speed. Non–linear models (quadratic and inverse) explained significantly more variance (22%). 

The nature of the non-linear relationship was that, in stronger subjects, there was no association between strength and gait speed, while in weaker subjects, there was an association. Body weight and age also explained significant amounts of variance in gait speed, while sex and height did not.

The results supported the hypothesis of a non-linear relationship between leg strength and gait speed that is similar for older men and women. 

This finding represents a mechanism for how small changes in physiological capacity may have substantial effects on performance in frail adults, while large changes in capacity have little or no effect in healthy adults.

• © Oxford University Press

Quelle:  http://ageing.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/5/386.short



Full Text / pdf von:  Evidence for a Non-linear Relationship between Leg Strength and Gait Speed - online im internet - Zugriff vom 02.10.2012:

http://ageing.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/5/386.full.pdf

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING –  www.aktiv-training.de - Ihr Personal Trainer für Baden-Baden, Karlsruhe, Pfalz, Offenburg, Kehl, Ortenau, Freiburg, Breisgau, Pforzheim, Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Mannheim, Stuttgart   (überregional auf Anfrage)

 

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Identification of elderly fallers by muscle strength measures

Abstract The original publication is available at http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00421/index.htm. For efficient prevention of falls among older adults, individuals at a high risk of falling need to be identified. In this study, we searched for muscle strength measures that best identified those individuals who would fall after a gait perturbation and those who recovered their balance. Seventeen healthy older adults performed a range of muscle strength tests. We measured maximum and rate of development of ankle plantar flexion moment, knee extension moment and whole leg push-off force, as well as maximum jump height and hand grip strength. Subsequently, their capacity to regain balance after tripping over an obstacle was determined experimentally. Seven of the participants were classified as fallers based on the tripping outcome. Maximum isometric push-off force in a leg press apparatus was the best measure to identify the fallers, as cross-validation of a discriminant model with this variable resulted in the best classification (86% sensitivity and 90% specificity). Jump height and hand grip strength were strongly correlated to leg press force (r = 0.82 and 0.59, respectively) and can also be used to identify fallers, although with slightly lower specificity. These results indicate that whole leg extension strength is associated with the ability to prevent a fall after a gait perturbation and might be used to identify the elderly at risk of falling.
Quelle:  http://en.scientificcommons.org/34613507

Full Text / pdf von:  Identification of elderly fallers by muscle strength measures - online im internet - Zugriff vom 02.102012: 

http://www.biomedsearch.com/attachments/00/18/07/17/18071745/421_2007_Article_613.pdf

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING –  www.aktiv-training.de - Ihr Personal Trainer für Baden-Baden, Karlsruhe, Pfalz, Offenburg, Kehl, Ortenau, Freiburg, Breisgau, Pforzheim, Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Mannheim, Stuttgart   (überregional auf Anfrage)

 

JÖRG LINDER AKTIV-TRAINING

Mauerbergstraße 110

76534 Baden-Baden

Tel.: 07223 / 8004699

Mobil: 0177 / 4977232

Mail: info@aktiv-training.de

Fax: 07223 / 8005271

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