Fall Prevention in Residential Care

A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial

1. Ngaire Kerse MBChB, PhD,
2. Meg Butler MPH,
3. Elizabeth Robinson MSc,
4. Maree Todd FRACP, MBChB

Article first published online: 30 MAR 2004

DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x

ABSTRACT:

Keywords:

• fall prevention;
• residential care;
• cluster randomized controlled trial

Objectives: To establish the effectiveness of a fall-prevention program in reducing falls and injurious falls in older residential care residents.

Design: Cluster, randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Fourteen randomly selected residential care homes in Auckland, New Zealand.

Participants: All older residents (n=628, 95% participation rate).

Intervention: Residential care staff, using existing resources, implemented systematic individualized fall-risk management for all residents using a fall-risk assessment tool, high-risk logo, and strategies to address identified risks.

Measurements: Number of residents sustaining a fall, falls, and injurious-falls incidence rates.

Results: During 12 months of follow-up, 103 (43%) residents in the control group and 173 (56%) residents in the intervention group fell (P<.018). There was a significantly higher incidence rate of falls in intervention homes than in control homes (incident rate ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.06–1.72) during the intervention period after adjusting for dependency level (type of home), baseline fall rate, and clustering. There was no difference in the injurious fall incidence rate or incidence of serious injuries.

Conclusion: This fall-prevention intervention did not reduce falls or injury from falls. Low-intensity intervention may be worse than usual care.

Quelle:  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x/abstract

Full Text / pdf:

Kerse, N., Butler, M., Robinson, E. and Todd, M. (2004), Fall Prevention in Residential Care: A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52: 524–531. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x

 http://ot.creighton.edu/community/EBLP/Question3/Kerse%202004%20Fall%20Prevention%20in%20Residential%20Care.pdf

Online im internet - Zugriff vom 04.10.2012


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Therapeutic benefits of Tai Chi exercise

Research review

Kuramoto AM.

Source

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing, WI, USA. alicek@uwm.edu

Abstract

The majority of studies on Tai Chi conducted between 1996 and 2004 had focused on health and well being of Tai Chi exercise for senior adults. The results show that Tai Chi may lead to improved balance, reduced fear of falling, increased strength, increased functional mobility, greater flexibility, and increased psychological well-being, sleep enhancement for sleep disturbed elderly individuals, and increased cardio functioning. Wang, Collet, and Lau did a systematic review on Tai Chi research and found some limitations or biases existing in some of the studies, and it was difficult to draw firm conclusions about the benefits reported.

Therefore, more well-designed studies are needed in the future. There need to be studies on the effects on younger and middle-aged people. More longitudinal studies are needed, since time is an important factor of physical and psychological interventions. Studies on the effects of Tai Chi on the immune system and bone loss reduction are still very exploratory and will be especially useful for arthritis patients and others with immune disorders.

Future studies should investigate outcomes associated with Tai Chi training as a function of different instructional techniques, different Tai Chi styles, different diagnostic groups, and different age groups. It is not yet clear which of the components in Tai Chi makes the exercise form especially effective for seniors.

Tai Chi exercise is a relatively "low tech" approach to preventing disability and maintaining physical performance in older adults. The positive effects of Tai Chi may be due solely to its relaxing, meditative aspects.

The current data suggest that Tai Chi can influence older individuals' functioning and well being and provide some appreciation for why this exercise form has been practiced by older Chinese for more than 3 centuries.

Quelle:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17163086





Full Text / pdf / Link - online im internet - Zugriff vom 04.10.12:

http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/issues/wmj_v105n7/kuramoto.pdf



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Tel.: 07223 / 8004699

Mobil: 0177 / 4977232

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web: www.aktiv-training.de

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